One of the most arduous sporting competitions in the world is the Tour De France, the yearly cycling extravaganza which takes place over a three week period every summer, and during which the most talented road racers in the world compete in roughly twenty different stages of racing and cover a distance of near enough 2,000 miles. The event is an incredible feat of endurance and has been said to be similar to doing several marathons during a similar three week time span.
The Tour has an interesting history and was first arranged in 1903, having been organised by a newspaper editor as a means to put a competitor publication out of business, by exclusively providing coverage of this amazing event. Over the decades of the event, the format of the competition has altered, with entrants including all-comers, regional and national teams and commercial teams of cyclists at varying times. It has also diversified by organising one stage somewhere other than France in neighbouring European countries (including a stage in the UK in 2007). But two aspects are always consistent – most of the many stages take place on a vaguely circular route round France, and always alternate between a clockwise journey one year and a counter-clockwise one the following year. The very last stage always finishes in Paris, in front of thousands of applauding and enthusiastic cycling fans, though the Tour doesn’t go in for the flashy ‘closing ceremony’ with fireworks and Laser eye light displays along the same lines as many other big sporting events.
There are usually about twenty teams participating in the event, each with nine riders. Team-mates are allowed to help each other, and every team has its own support staff of mechanics and managers who travel along behind the race in cars so that they can resolve any diificulties which arise along the route.
As anyone who has ever witnessed the race will be aware, the competitors are preceded on the course by a massive number of sponsored vehicles which advertise their range of products and give away free gifts and advertising pamphlets to the watching spectators. It is confirmed that there are usually around 250 vehicles taking part in the parade each year and each business will have paid a large amount of cash in order to be able to promote their product range at such a prestigious event.
The very first organisation to agree to pay for the privilege of appearing at the Tour was a chocolate manufacturer – nowadays, it is probably true that almost any product would be acceptable – from cars to clothing, tooth whitening to Laser eye surgery, computer games to coffee shops, and inevitably food and drink (the kinds that are healthy anyway). As the Tour De France is the most viewed annual sporting occasion in the world through the French TV footage, it’s not surprising that companies are happy to pay a lot of money to be involved.
In each individual stage of the race, every rider will have his finishing time logged, and as the Tour unwinds, the timings for the stages are added up, giving an aggregate score for each individual. Timing technology is now so efficient that each rider is traced individually by a transponder affixed to their bicycle which registers each time they ride through one of the marker wires located on the course and possibly it is only a matter of time before Laser eye beams are used instead of physical wires. The rider with the best aggregate score is the Tour leader and will then wear the famous yellow jersey throughout the next stage. Prizes are also earned for winning each stage, but this scoring process does mean that potentially a competitor could become the overall winner without ever winning an individual stage, as has been the case on a number of occasions. Just being consistent for the three weeks can result in a far better overall time than the total time for a rider who may be fast on the flatter areas of the Tour, but find the mountainous stages more of a challenge, for example.
The other jersey which most casual fans of the sport will have heard of is the King Of The Mountains. This is a white jersey with red dots which is given to the rider who has gained the most points for arriving at the top of specified mountains and hills before all the other riders. Since the route of the event could regularly go through the Alps or the Pyrenees, it’s not surprising that such a category would have been created to recognise those cyclists who are the field leaders in such steep and difficult climbs.
Another competition is in place for those who finish at the front in the less mountainous stages and again points are allocated based on the rider’s finishing position when passing over the finish line. The leader of this competition will wear a green jersey during the following stage. By now it will be quite clear that the Tour De France does really include a number of different ways for competitiors to earn points, praise and probably most importantly, money.
The 2011 race will commence on 2nd July and it will be the 98th time that the event has taken place (the missing numbers being during two World Wars) and it is expected that this year’s event will be every bit as exciting as previous ones. It is also to be hoped that there won’t be suggestion of the doping problems which have plagued the sport of cycling recently. There are a few legal ways of enhancing performance, like the golfers who get Laser eye surgery to increase the standard of their vision, but taking illegal substances is wrong in any sport.


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