Spending a lot of late nights with your startup colleagues developing a product with cutting-edge features can prove frustrating when those features end up in a competitor’s offering. At some point, once your startup begins to gain momentum, protecting your IP becomes yet one more thing to worry about. But it doesn’t have to be a nightmare — here’s a high-level overview of how to identify and protect new, potentially patentable inventions.

1. Check employment and independent contractor agreements

Look at your employment agreements — and agreements with independent contractors — to make sure that they have an obligation to assign their rights in any inventions that they develop in the course of their work to your company.  If their agreements with you don’t explicitly obligate them to hand over those inventions, it may be difficult for you to obtain a patent on them, particularly if that employee or independent contractor no longer works for you.

2. Circulate an Information Disclosure Form

The first step to getting a patent is identifying ideas that are potentially inventive and patentable. Learning about and understanding your employees’ inventions as early as possible will enable your patent lawyer to draft earlier applications with more accurate and comprehensive disclosures, which means stronger patents. No need to reinvent the wheel—ask your outside patent lawyer (get a referral from your corporate lawyer or VC if you don’t have one) for a PDF form and send it to your team.

3. Create a “patent team” to quickly review new inventions

Once your employees start filling out Information Disclosure Forms, you need to figure out whether these new developments are worth patenting. It’s best to include a diverse set of people in this discussion—a person from management (it can be a founder/CEO but just as often is a CFO), engineering, and marketing/sales, at a minimum. It’s important to keep the marketing and sales folks in the loop on patents because they often are the first to disclose new inventions outside the company. When your patent team agrees that a particular development is worth patenting, contact your patent attorney so that he or she can determine whether it is indeed patentable and, if it is, to prepare and file a patent application.

4. Give cash incentives for patented inventions

Sometimes your team may need a bit of encouragement to think about whether their product development is also generating patentable inventions. You may want to consider good old-fashioned financial incentive, in the form of bonuses paid when a patent application is filed and when that application matures into an issued patent.

5. Keep it all organized

Once you have started to seek protection for your patentable inventions, it’s important to keep everything organized so that you know what IP you have. Keep copies of your IP-related documents (e.g., employment/contractor agreements for inventors named in your patent applications, the Information Disclosure Forms, issued patents, technology licenses and other contracts) in a well-organized file. This can be as simple as a folder on your computer with chronologically ordered PDFs, or a sophisticated document management system — what’s important is that you have this information within easy reach for when a potential investor wants the due diligence on your IP.

Nitin Gupta is a Co-Founder of LawPivot, an online marketplace for businesses to receive crowdsourced legal advice from lawyers. Eric Hutchins is a patent attorney at the law firm of Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP in Menlo Park, California.

 Image courtesy of Flickr user Alexandre Dulaunoy.

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The process of etching has been around for centuries, yet was largely completed with metals. First, wax designs are applied on the sheet and acid is poured on top of that, making beautiful sharp images anywhere the wax wasn’t placed. This method throught the years is considered complicated and long, plus often dangerous. Thankfully, with each passing generation, individuals have made the process of etching much easier, faster, and even less risky, and perhaps greater improvements continue to be discovered. This in turn would make etching significantly safer, and simpler for experienced artists to create, and thus more capable of taking beautiful risks using their designs. The developing market of glass etching and etched mirrors continues to be influenced by these types of superb new developments.

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This week, we follow new developments in the system-wide PS3 meltdown, which knocked PS3 gamers off the grid for most of Monday. Then, we find out that a New York school administrator coincidentally

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Originally posted at Digital City Podcast

Even though the service of providing translations for audio video applications extends back to early cinema, it has only achieved any special focus in more recent times. So while AVT was slow to gain a following when it first arrived in the 1950′s, the field of audio video translation went through a considerable growth period in 1990′s and 2000′s. However, over the last 20 or so years the audiovisual industry has seen a number of new developments that advanced the quality of translation. The purpose of this paper is to review the past and give readers a look at where AVT has gone.

For those in the translation service, entering the AVT arena will demand even greater technical skills and linguistic competencies because there are many more obstacles that must be faced. Some common difficulties present themselves during high speed scenes and quick exchanges of dialogue that are often combined with problems associated with localization and sociolectal variations, simultaneous speech, music soundtracks and special effect noises. The skilled Audio Video Technicians must be able to internalize the entire scene and know the best way to present it to the greatest number of foreign speaking viewers.

In the main, there are two overarching, basic approaches to dealing with the Japanese to English Translation into another language of the spoken dialogue of the original program. The choices or suggestions that will likely be mad is for verbal content to be translated in written or readable form or for verbal content to be made available as audible content. When the main decision maker determines that the audio track should be replaced with one in the target language, a process known as revoicing takes place. When revoicing the audio track takes place, the replacement of the original language can be total such as when lip syncing is used or partial, when the original spoken dialogue is somewhat unnoticeable but still present.

While subtitling, dubbing and voiceover are the most common techniques due to their minimal use of financial resources and human capital, they are by no means the only language transfer options available in the industry. The typologies put forward by experienced audio visual Arabic Translation workers distinguish over 10 different types of multilingual transfer in the field of audiovisual communication. Instead of going into every type available, we will instead provide a brief description of the main methods that include voiceovers, dubbing and subtitling.

Dubbing involves replacing the original soundtrack containing the actors’ dialogue with a target language recording that reproduces the original message, ensuring that the target language sounds and the actors’ lip movements are synchronized, in such a way that target viewers are led to believe that the actors on screen are actually speaking their language.

Subtitling involves the placement of a translation of foreign dialogue of a movie or TV program usually at the bottom of the screen. You can think of subtitling as a textual representation of the spoken audio in a video program.

Voiceover involves reducing the volume of the original soundtrack to a minimal auditory level, in order to ensure that the Russian Translation, which is orally overlapped on to the original soundtrack, can be heard by the target audience. It is common practice to allow viewers to hear a few seconds of the original foreign speech before reducing the volume and superimposing the translation.